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USS Liberty incident - BBC Documentary
Description
The USS Liberty incident was an attack on a United States Navy technical research ship, USS Liberty, by Israeli Air Force jet fighter ...
Original title
תקרית הליברטי - דוקומנטרי של ה-BBC
פרשת ה-USS Liberty נותרת אחת התקריות השנויות במחלוקת והכואבות ביותר בהיסטוריה המשותפת של ארצות הברית וישראל. הסקירה מתמקדת במתקפה הקטלנית שביצעו מטוסי קרב וספינות טורפדו של חיל האוויר הישראלי על ספינת הביון האמריקאית בלב ים, אירוע שהוביל לאבדות כבדות בנפש ולמשבר דיפלומטי חריף. דרך עדויותיהם של השורדים וניתוח האירועים, נחשפת הדרמה שהתחוללה על הסיפון תחת אש תופת. התקרית התרחשה ב-8 ביוני 1967, בעיצומה של מלחמת ששת הימים, כאשר ה-USS Liberty שייטה במים בינלאומיים מול חופי חצי האי סיני. זיהוי שגוי של כוחות צה"ל הוביל לשרשרת החלטות גורליות, במסגרתן תקפו מטוסי Mirage 3 ו-Dassault Super Mystère את הספינה, בעוד שספינות הטורפדו השלימו את המלאכה. למרות שהממשל האמריקאי וועדת החקירה הישראלית קבעו רשמית כי מדובר בטעות בזיהוי, סימני שאלה רבים ממשיכים לרחף מעל נסיבות האירוע גם עשרות שנים לאחר מכן. מבחינה טכנית, ה-USS Liberty הייתה מצוידת במערכות האזנה ולוחמה אלקטרונית מתקדמות של ה-NSA, ומשימתה הייתה איסוף מודיעין אותות במרחב הים התיכון. במהלך התקיפה ספגה הספינה פגיעת טורפדו ישירה בדופן, וגופה המנוקב מרסיסים הפך למלכודת מוות עבור 34 אנשי צוות שנהרגו ו-171 שנפצעו. הראיות המוצגות בוחנות את כשלי התקשורת בשרשרת הפיקוד, הן ב-Pentagon והן במטה חיל האוויר הישראלי, ואת השאלה האם דגל ארצות הברית שהתנוסס על הספינה היה גלוי לעיני הטייסים. השלכות הפרשה ממשיכות להדהד בקרב קהילת המודיעין והווטרנים האמריקאים, שחלקם מסרבים לקבל את גרסת ה"תאונה" ומצביעים על סתירות בעדויות הרשמיות. השאלה האם המתקפה הייתה מכוונת או תוצאה טרגית של ערפל קרב נותרת פתוחה ומזינה תיאוריות קשר ודיונים היסטוריים נוקבים. בסופו של דבר, תקרית הליברטי משמשת תזכורת למחיר הדמים של טעויות בשדה הקרב המודרני ולמורכבות של בריתות אסטרטגיות בזמן מלחמה.
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