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The Hungarian City Built Over 80 Underwater Caves
Description
As one of Europe's most famous cities, Budapest has become a tourist hotspot known for its history, its architecture and its love of water.
Original title
העיר ההונגרית שנבנתה מעל 80 מערות תת-מימיות
בודפשט, אחת הערים המפורסמות והיפות באירופה, הפכה בשנים האחרונות למוקד משיכה תיירותי עולמי, המוכר בזכות ההיסטוריה העשירה שלו, הארכיטקטורה המרהיבה והקשר העמוק והבלתי נפרד לעולם המים. אך מעבר לבתי המרחץ המפוארים ולנהר הדנובה החוצה אותה, מסתתר מתחת לרחובות העיר עולם שלם ומסתורי של טבע פראי. בודפשט שוכנת על גבי רשת אדירה ומסועפת של למעלה מ-80 מערות תת-ימיות, הנובעות ממעיינות תרמיים חמים המבעבעים ממעמקי האדמה. המערות הללו הן תוצאה של פעילות גאולוגית ייחודית, שבה מים חמים העולים מן המעמקים פוגשים מי תהום קרים, מה שיוצר תגובה כימית שממיסה את סלע הגיר ויוצרת חללים עצומים ומרהיבים. המפורסמת שבהן היא מערת "מולנר יאנוס" (Molnár János), המהווה אתר עלייה לרגל לצוללנים מכל העולם. מדובר במערכת אקולוגית סגורה ומרתקת, שבה המים נשארים בטמפרטורה קבועה של כ-20 עד 27 מעלות לאורך כל השנה, מה שמאפשר לצוללנים לחקור מבוכים תת-קרקעיים צלולים לחלוטין בלב המטרופולין הסואן. העיר בודפשט היא למעשה העיר הגדולה היחידה בעולם הבנויה על גבי מערכת מערות תרמיות כה ענפה. המים הזורמים במערות אלו הם המקור לחיבה המפורסמת של ההונגרים לתרבות הספא; הם אלו שמזינים את המרחצאות ההיסטוריים של העיר, כמו מרחצאות גלרט וסצ'ני, ומשמשים למרפא ולפנאי כבר מתקופת הרומאים והאימפריה העות'מאנית. הגילויים האחרונים במערות חושפים לא רק תצורות סלע נדירות וקריסטלים מרהיבים, אלא גם בעלי חיים אנדמיים קטנים שאינם קיימים בשום מקום אחר על פני כדור הארץ. המסע אל בטן האדמה של בודפשט חושף ניגוד מדהים בין העיר העילית, מלאת החיים והאורות, לבין השקט המוחלט והאפלולית של המבוכים התת-ימיים. זהו עולם של מסתורין גאולוגי הממשיך להיחקר גם היום, כאשר משלחות של מדענים וצוללנים פועלות למיפוי חלקים חדשים במערכת המערות, שחלקם טרם נראו מעולם על ידי עין אנושית. הסרט שלפניכם לוקח אתכם אל מעמקי הבירה ההונגרית, למקום שבו ההיסטוריה פוגשת את הטבע בדרך המרהיבה ביותר שניתן לדמיין.
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