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Suez: The Yellow Fleet trapped by the 1967 Arab-Israeli War
Description
This is the story of fourteen cargo ships accidentally caught up in the June 1967 Arab-Israeli war, and stuck in the Suez Canal while it ...
Original title
סואץ: הצי הצהוב שנלכד במלחמת ששת הימים
פרשיית "הצי הצהוב" מגוללת את סיפורן המרתק של ארבע עשרה אוניות משא שמצאו עצמן לכודות בלב הסכסוך המזרח-תיכוני ביוני 1967. עם פרוץ מלחמת ששת הימים, נחסמה תעלת סואץ למעבר כלי שיט, והותירה את הצוותים ואת המטענים שלהם בלב אגם המר הגדול ללא יכולת יציאה. מה שהחל כעיכוב זמני הפך לאחת ההתבצרויות הימיות הארוכות והמוזרות ביותר בהיסטוריה המודרנית. הנסיבות הפוליטיות והצבאיות שהובילו למצור נבעו מהחלטת מצרים לחסום את נתיב המים האסטרטגי כדי למנוע את השימוש בו על ידי ישראל. האוניות, שהגיעו ממדינות כמו בריטניה, פולין, גרמניה המערבית וצרפת, נאלצו לעגון תחת אש ובצל המתיחות הביטחונית. במשך שמונה שנים, עד לפתיחתה המחודשת של התעלה בשנת 1975, יצרו הימאים שהותרו על הסיפון קהילה בינלאומית עצמאית ומבודדת מן העולם החיצון. במהלך שנות השהות בתעלה, פיתחו הצוותים מערכת חברתית וכלכלית ייחודית שנודעה בשם Great Bitter Lake Association. הם קיימו אירועי ספורט, הקימו מערכת דואר עצמאית ואפילו ערכו גרסה משלהם למשחקים האולימפיים בשנת 1968. המטענים שעל הסיפונים, שכללו מגוון עצום של סחורות, נרקבו או הפכו לבלתי רלוונטיים, בעוד כלי השיט עצמם כוסו בשכבות עבות של חול המדבר שהעניקו לצי את שמו המפורסם. האירוע נותר עד היום כעדות דוממת למחיר הכבד שמשלם הסחר העולמי בעתות מלחמה ועל יכולת ההשרדות האנושית בתנאים בלתי אפשריים. כאשר הותר לספינות לעזוב לבסוף, רק שתיים מהן הצליחו להפליג בכוחות עצמן, בעוד השאר נאלצו להיגרר אל מחוץ לתעלה. הפרשה מעלה שאלות נוקבות על ריבונות, משפט בינלאומי וההשפעות הבלתי צפויות של גיאופוליטיקה על חייהם של אנשים פשוטים שנקלעו לקו האש.
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